為(wei)增進社(she)會(hui)各界(jie)對小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)全貌的(de)了(le)(le)解，為(wei)管(guan)理部門制定產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)政策和(he)廣大從(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經營活動提供參考，促進小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)持續健康發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，在農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)村部漁(yu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)漁(yu)政管(guan)理局指導下，全國水產(chan)(chan)技(ji)術推廣總(zong)站、中(zhong)國水產(chan)(chan)學會(hui)、中(zhong)國水產(chan)(chan)流通與加(jia)(jia)工協會(hui)聯合編(bian)寫了(le)(le)《中(zhong)國小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)報(bao)告(gao)(gao)（2022）》。《報(bao)告(gao)(gao)》全面梳理了(le)(le)2021年我國小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)養(yang)殖生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、加(jia)(jia)工和(he)流通、消費和(he)貿易、品牌和(he)節慶(qing)活動、飼料(liao)和(he)調(diao)味料(liao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)等上下游產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)及政策扶持等情況，分析了(le)(le)當前制約產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)主要問題，并提出創新種養(yang)模式、夯實種業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎、補齊加(jia)(jia)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)短板、推進集群(qun)化和(he)全產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)等發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)建議。《報(bao)告(gao)(gao)》全文如下。    

近年來(lai)，我(wo)國小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)蓬勃發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，養殖(zhi)面(mian)積和產量保(bao)持較(jiao)快增長，養殖(zhi)模式(shi)創新發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，稻蝦(xia)(xia)種(zhong)養向不挖溝或少(shao)挖溝模式(shi)轉變，餐飲市(shi)場(chang)規模持續(xu)擴大，加工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、流(liu)通業(ye)(ye)(ye)、“小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)+”文(wen)旅產業(ye)(ye)(ye)等快速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，全產業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈和集群化發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)水平不斷提高。小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)在保(bao)障菜籃子產品穩定供給和促(cu)進(jin)(jin)漁業(ye)(ye)(ye)增效漁民增收中發(fa)(fa)揮了重要作用，并成為一(yi)些地區推(tui)進(jin)(jin)鄉村振興、壯(zhuang)大縣(xian)域(yu)經濟(ji)的重要特色產業(ye)(ye)(ye)。

    為(wei)促進(jin)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)持續(xu)健康發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，在農業(ye)農村部漁業(ye)漁政(zheng)管(guan)理局指導(dao)下(xia)，全國(guo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技術推(tui)廣(guang)總站、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)學會(hui)聯(lian)合中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)流(liu)通(tong)與(yu)加工(gong)協會(hui)編(bian)寫了(le)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)報告(gao)（2022）》。報告(gao)對(dui)2021年我國(guo)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)狀況(kuang)進(jin)行了(le)全面(mian)梳理，分析了(le)制約產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)主要問題(ti)，并提出發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)建(jian)議。

一、產業規模

2021年，我國小(xiao)龍蝦產(chan)業發(fa)展，雖然因新冠肺(fei)炎(yan)疫情受(shou)到一定影響，但總(zong)(zong)體上(shang)穩中有(you)進、穩中向好，實現(xian)恢復性增(zeng)長。據測(ce)算，2021年我國小(xiao)龍蝦產(chan)業總(zong)(zong)產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)4221.95億(yi)(yi)元，同比(bi)增(zeng)長22.43%（統計未(wei)包括港(gang)澳臺(tai)地區(qu)，下同），并高于2019年水(shui)平（2019年總(zong)(zong)產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)4110億(yi)(yi)元）。其(qi)中，小(xiao)龍蝦養殖業產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)823.44億(yi)(yi)元，同比(bi)增(zeng)長10.03%；以加工業為(wei)主的第(di)二(er)產(chan)業產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)368.51億(yi)(yi)元，同比(bi)下降23.24%；以餐飲為(wei)主的第(di)三(san)產(chan)業產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)3030億(yi)(yi)元，同比(bi)增(zeng)長36.49%。一二(er)三(san)產(chan)產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)之比(bi)約為(wei)2∶1∶7。

    二、養殖生產(chan)

    （一）面積和產(chan)量

    2021年，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)小龍蝦養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)面(mian)積2600萬(wan)(wan)畝、產量263.36萬(wan)(wan)噸，同比分別增(zeng)長19.01%和(he)10.02%，繼續保持較快(kuai)增(zeng)長。小龍蝦養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)產量占全國(guo)(guo)(guo)淡水養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)總產量的8.27%，位列我國(guo)(guo)(guo)淡水養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)品(pin)種(zhong)第6位（前5位分別是草魚(yu)、鰱魚(yu)、鳙魚(yu)、鯉魚(yu)、鯽魚(yu)）。

    （二）養殖方式

    小龍(long)蝦養(yang)殖主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要包括(kuo)稻蝦種養(yang)、池(chi)(chi)塘(tang)養(yang)殖（包括(kuo)精養(yang)、蟹池(chi)(chi)混(hun)養(yang)）、藕(ou)田(tian)養(yang)殖、大(da)水面(mian)增養(yang)殖等方(fang)式，以稻蝦種養(yang)為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。其中，稻蝦種養(yang)又以環溝模式為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，但近(jin)年來不挖溝、少(shao)挖溝模式逐(zhu)漸興起，成為各地新發展稻蝦種養(yang)的重要模式。

2021年，稻(dao)(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)面積(ji)2100萬(wan)畝，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)產量(liang)220萬(wan)噸，面積(ji)和(he)產量(liang)同比(bi)分(fen)別(bie)增長10.99%、6.68%，占小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)養(yang)殖面積(ji)和(he)產量(liang)的(de)80.77%、83.54%；作(zuo)為稻(dao)(dao)(dao)漁(yu)綜(zong)合(he)(he)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)的(de)最主要模(mo)式，稻(dao)(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)分(fen)別(bie)占全國稻(dao)(dao)(dao)漁(yu)綜(zong)合(he)(he)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)面積(ji)及水產品產量(liang)的(de)52.95%和(he)61.85%。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)仍保持較快發展，但隨著基數(shu)的(de)增大，稻(dao)(dao)(dao)漁(yu)綜(zong)合(he)(he)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)發展趨(qu)于穩定，稻(dao)(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)增速有所(suo)放緩。

    池塘養殖（包括精養、蝦蟹混養）、藕田養殖、大水面增養殖等方式的(de)小龍(long)蝦養殖面積500萬(wan)畝，產量43.36萬(wan)噸，其中(zhong)又以池塘養殖為(wei)主(zhu)。

    （三）區域分布

    2021年我(wo)國(guo)有小龍(long)蝦養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)報告的省份23個(ge)。其中，湖(hu)北、安徽、湖(hu)南(nan)、江(jiang)蘇、江(jiang)西5個(ge)傳統小龍(long)蝦養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)大省仍然占(zhan)據絕對主導地位(wei)，養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)241.11萬噸(dun)(dun)，占(zhan)全(quan)國(guo)小龍(long)蝦養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)總產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)的91.55%；第6到10位(wei)依次(ci)為四(si)川、山(shan)東、河南(nan)、浙江(jiang)、重慶，養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)20.36萬噸(dun)(dun)，占(zhan)全(quan)國(guo)小龍(long)蝦養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)總產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)的7.73%。

    按縣(xian)(xian)域排名，全國小龍(long)(long)蝦養殖產量(liang)超2萬噸(dun)的縣(xian)(xian)（市、區）34個，其中：湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)12個、安徽省(sheng)(sheng)9個、湖南省(sheng)(sheng)5個、江(jiang)西省(sheng)(sheng)5個、江(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)3個（見表(biao)2）。34個縣(xian)(xian)（市、區）小龍(long)(long)蝦總產量(liang)161.35萬噸(dun)，占(zhan)全國小龍(long)(long)蝦養殖總產量(liang)的61.27%。

    三、小龍蝦加工

    （一(yi)）加工企業

    2021年(nian)，小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦加工(gong)量約85萬噸(dun)，比2020年(nian)略有下降，主要原因為2021年(nian)上半(ban)年(nian)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦市場價格高于2020年(nian)同(tong)期，加工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)收購小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦普遍推遲。從2021年(nian)開始(shi)，農業(ye)(ye)(ye)農村部(bu)、財政部(bu)聯(lian)合實施漁業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)支持政策(ce)，將“水(shui)產(chan)品初(chu)加工(gong)和(he)冷藏保(bao)鮮(xian)設(she)施設(she)備建(jian)設(she)”列(lie)為支持方向，在相關(guan)政策(ce)、項(xiang)目、資金(jin)引導和(he)帶(dai)動(dong)下，各地加快(kuai)推進小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集群(qun)建(jian)設(she)和(he)全(quan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，2021年(nian)全(quan)國小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦規模以上加工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)達(da)到162家(jia)，新增(zeng)約30家(jia)，產(chan)能提升明(ming)顯(xian)。加工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)數量和(he)產(chan)能的增(zeng)長反映了業(ye)(ye)(ye)界長期看好小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦加工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。

    從區域(yu)分布看，小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦加(jia)工企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)主要集中(zhong)(zhong)在湖(hu)北、江蘇、湖(hu)南(nan)、安徽、江西等傳統小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦養(yang)殖大省。其中(zhong)(zhong)，湖(hu)北省小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦規模(mo)以上加(jia)工企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)超過80家(jia)，小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦加(jia)工量超萬噸(dun)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)9家(jia)，國家(jia)級農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)化重點龍(long)頭企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)5家(jia)，年加(jia)工量超過30萬噸(dun)。此外(wai)，江蘇、安徽兩省小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展迅速。

    （二(er)）加工產品

    小龍蝦加工(gong)分為初級加工(gong)和(he)加工(gong)副產物綜合利用，以初級加工(gong)為主。

    初(chu)級(ji)加工產(chan)(chan)品主(zhu)要包括(kuo)速(su)凍(dong)(dong)制(zhi)品（包括(kuo)速(su)凍(dong)(dong)蝦(xia)(xia)尾、速(su)凍(dong)(dong)蝦(xia)(xia)仁(ren)、速(su)凍(dong)(dong)整(zheng)肢蝦(xia)(xia)）和即(ji)食食品（包括(kuo)調味(wei)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)、小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)休閑食品等）。傳統的小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)初(chu)級(ji)加工主(zhu)要是(shi)速(su)凍(dong)(dong)制(zhi)品，以速(su)凍(dong)(dong)蝦(xia)(xia)尾和速(su)凍(dong)(dong)蝦(xia)(xia)仁(ren)為主(zhu)，二者之比(bi)(bi)約為2∶1。近年來，速(su)凍(dong)(dong)制(zhi)品占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)逐漸下降(jiang)，即(ji)食食品占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)提高。即(ji)食食品中，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)預(yu)(yu)制(zhi)菜成為市場新寵，調味(wei)帶殼蝦(xia)(xia)尾、調味(wei)整(zheng)肢蝦(xia)(xia)等調味(wei)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)需求大(da)幅增加。我國水產(chan)(chan)品預(yu)(yu)制(zhi)菜處(chu)于“藍海市場”，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)預(yu)(yu)制(zhi)菜應用(yong)場景豐富，發展空間(jian)巨大(da)。

    小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)副產(chan)物綜合(he)(he)利用(yong)(yong)保持良好發展態勢。小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)蝦(xia)(xia)頭(tou)、蝦(xia)(xia)殼(ke)(ke)等(deng)副產(chan)物占(zhan)原料的(de)7成以上，可提(ti)取油脂(zhi)、功(gong)能肽、蝦(xia)(xia)青素、甲殼(ke)(ke)素、殼(ke)(ke)聚糖等(deng)物質，可廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于食品、醫藥、保健等(deng)領(ling)域(yu)，綜合(he)(he)利用(yong)(yong)潛力巨大。目前(qian)，該類加工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)主(zhu)要集中(zhong)在(zai)湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，以華(hua)山科技股份有限(xian)公(gong)司(si)為(wei)代表，加工(gong)(gong)產(chan)品主(zhu)要有甲殼(ke)(ke)素、氨(an)基葡萄(tao)糖鹽(yan)酸(suan)鹽(yan)等(deng)甲殼(ke)(ke)素衍生(sheng)物產(chan)品，年處理廢棄蝦(xia)(xia)殼(ke)(ke)10萬噸。其(qi)他養殖(zhi)大省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)逐步(bu)涉足(zu)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)副產(chan)物綜合(he)(he)利用(yong)(yong)領(ling)域(yu)，2021年新增(zeng)多條(tiao)精深加工(gong)(gong)生(sheng)產(chan)線，典(dian)型(xing)企(qi)業(ye)如(ru)湖南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)順祥食品有限(xian)公(gong)司(si)、江西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)九(jiu)江凱瑞生(sheng)態農業(ye)開發有限(xian)公(gong)司(si)等(deng)。

    四、市場流通、消費(fei)和貿易

    （一）價格走勢

    2021年，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)企穩回升(sheng)，不(bu)同規(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)均有所上漲，但(dan)市(shi)場分化明(ming)顯(xian)，大(da)規(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)保持高(gao)位運行(xing)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)規(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)量大(da)價(jia)(jia)低，反映(ying)了由(you)“大(da)養(yang)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)”向“養(yang)大(da)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)”轉變的迫切市(shi)場需求。以湖(hu)北(bei)省為例(li)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)上市(shi)高(gao)峰期(qi)，4錢(qian)以下規(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)約(yue)6—10元/公(gong)(gong)斤，4—6錢(qian)規(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)約(yue)20元/公(gong)(gong)斤，6—9錢(qian)規(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)約(yue)35—40元/公(gong)(gong)斤，9錢(qian)以上規(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)高(gao)于70元/公(gong)(gong)斤。

    小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦價(jia)格周(zhou)期性特征(zheng)明顯，全年走勢仍然呈U型(xing)，1—3月(yue)(yue)(yue)和(he)10—12月(yue)(yue)(yue)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦傳統(tong)生產淡(dan)季價(jia)格較高，5—6月(yue)(yue)(yue)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)蝦集(ji)中上(shang)市期價(jia)格較低(di)，5月(yue)(yue)(yue)下旬(xun)(xun)至6月(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)(xun)價(jia)格處于最(zui)低(di)點。

    （二）市場流通

    小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)體(ti)(ti)系不(bu)斷建(jian)(jian)立(li)健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)建(jian)(jian)設和布局逐漸完善(shan)，電商(shang)平臺(tai)快(kuai)速介入和發(fa)展，物流(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)能力不(bu)斷提(ti)高。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)養殖大(da)(da)省(sheng)(sheng)均(jun)建(jian)(jian)立(li)了(le)(le)集交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)、流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)、集散、倉儲(chu)功能于(yu)一體(ti)(ti)的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)綜合(he)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)，重點縣(xian)（市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、區）紛紛建(jian)(jian)設小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)批(pi)發(fa)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)，在(zai)鄉鎮設立(li)分(fen)揀(jian)中(zhong)心(xin)或收(shou)購(gou)點，經紀人向農戶(hu)、合(he)作社等生產(chan)(chan)經營主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)收(shou)購(gou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)，經批(pi)發(fa)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)分(fen)級包裝后發(fa)往外(wai)省(sheng)(sheng)，實現產(chan)(chan)銷(xiao)有效(xiao)對接。湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)現有小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)300多(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)，其中(zhong)：大(da)(da)型交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)7個(ge)(ge)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)地集散點600多(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)、村鎮集散點600多(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)；物流(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)線路不(bu)斷開拓，形成了(le)(le)覆蓋全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)要消費市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)體(ti)(ti)系，其中(zhong)潛江市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以垂直(zhi)電商(shang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)平臺(tai)“蝦(xia)谷(gu)360”和物流(liu)(liu)(liu)服務(wu)(wu)平臺(tai)“蝦(xia)谷(gu)快(kuai)運(yun)(yun)”為(wei)核心(xin)，建(jian)(jian)設了(le)(le)覆蓋周邊、輻(fu)射全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)的(de)綜合(he)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心(xin)，入駐商(shang)戶(hu)500多(duo)(duo)家，可配送全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)300多(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)中(zhong)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、3000多(duo)(duo)家終端。江蘇省(sheng)(sheng)積(ji)極拓展線上線下銷(xiao)售渠(qu)道，加(jia)快(kuai)冷(leng)(leng)鏈物流(liu)(liu)(liu)服務(wu)(wu)機(ji)構建(jian)(jian)設，盱眙縣(xian)與(yu)順豐、泗洪縣(xian)與(yu)京東分(fen)別簽訂小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)物流(liu)(liu)(liu)業(ye)務(wu)(wu)戰略(lve)合(he)作框架協議，盱眙縣(xian)在(zai)建(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)球龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心(xin)及冷(leng)(leng)鏈物流(liu)(liu)(liu)項目，計劃投資(zi)10億(yi)元，建(jian)(jian)設小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)及其產(chan)(chan)品交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心(xin)、冷(leng)(leng)庫及物流(liu)(liu)(liu)配送中(zhong)心(xin)，構建(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)程(cheng)冷(leng)(leng)鏈配送體(ti)(ti)系。江西省(sheng)(sheng)各類物流(liu)(liu)(liu)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)組織達(da)900多(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)，2021年新增(zeng)120多(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)具(ju)有一定規模的(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)40多(duo)(duo)處，部分(fen)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)配有冷(leng)(leng)鏈物流(liu)(liu)(liu)設施，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)年通(tong)過(guo)電商(shang)平臺(tai)銷(xiao)售小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)品4.2萬噸(dun)。河南省(sheng)(sheng)潢川縣(xian)農都小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)園在(zai)本地和周邊縣(xian)區試(shi)點建(jian)(jian)設分(fen)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心(xin)和冷(leng)(leng)鏈物流(liu)(liu)(liu)分(fen)支機(ji)構，在(zai)信(xin)陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)8縣(xian)2區提(ti)供農達(da)快(kuai)運(yun)(yun)短(duan)駁車免(mian)費服務(wu)(wu)，20條專線通(tong)達(da)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)200多(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，2021年鮮活小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)出貨2.5萬噸(dun)，累計交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)額超6億(yi)元。

    （三）餐飲消(xiao)費

    近年(nian)來(lai)，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦餐(can)(can)飲(yin)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)持續(xu)火爆，帶動了(le)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦產業蓬勃發展。2020年(nian)新冠肺炎疫情發生(sheng)后，餐(can)(can)飲(yin)業受到(dao)較大沖擊(ji)，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦線下消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)疲軟(ruan)，線上消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)大幅增加(jia)。2021年(nian)，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦線下消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)基(ji)本(ben)恢復，線上消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)繼續(xu)保持較快(kuai)增長(chang)。

    線(xian)下(xia)門店(dian)(dian)(dian)特色明(ming)顯，包括小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)主題連鎖餐(can)(can)廳、將小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)作為夏季主推菜品的(de)飯店(dian)(dian)(dian)酒樓、以小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)為招(zhao)牌(pai)菜品的(de)平價餐(can)(can)館和大排檔等三類。一(yi)些(xie)地方通過建(jian)立小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)餐(can)(can)飲(yin)一(yi)條街(jie)、美食城(cheng)，打造(zao)小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)美食文(wen)化地標，帶動線(xian)下(xia)消(xiao)費(fei)，促進餐(can)(can)飲(yin)企業抱團發展(zhan)。2021年(nian)湖(hu)(hu)北省(sheng)各(ge)類小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)餐(can)(can)飲(yin)實體(ti)店(dian)(dian)(dian)近2萬家(jia)，產(chan)值達540億元左右。江西省(sheng)各(ge)類小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)餐(can)(can)飲(yin)實體(ti)店(dian)(dian)(dian)4600多家(jia)，2021年(nian)新增加(jia)600多家(jia)。線(xian)下(xia)消(xiao)費(fei)龐大的(de)市(shi)場(chang)催生了一(yi)批小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)知(zhi)名(ming)餐(can)(can)飲(yin)品牌(pai)，主產(chan)區知(zhi)名(ming)餐(can)(can)飲(yin)品牌(pai)有湖(hu)(hu)北省(sheng)的(de)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)皇、巴厘龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)、靚(jing)(jing)靚(jing)(jing)蒸蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)，湖(hu)(hu)南(nan)省(sheng)的(de)文(wen)和友(you)、有間蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)鋪等；主要消(xiao)費(fei)城(cheng)市(shi)知(zhi)名(ming)餐(can)(can)飲(yin)品牌(pai)有上海市(shi)的(de)紅盔甲、滬小(xiao)胖，深圳市(shi)的(de)松哥油燜(men)大蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)、墮(duo)落小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)，成都市(shi)的(de)霸(ba)王蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)，北京市(shi)的(de)胡大飯館等。

    小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)線(xian)(xian)上(shang)滲透率(lv)逐年(nian)(nian)提高(gao)，外賣(mai)(mai)成(cheng)為(wei)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)餐(can)飲(yin)消(xiao)費(fei)重要渠道。據美團有關數(shu)據，2021年(nian)(nian)1—9月(yue)，小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)線(xian)(xian)上(shang)門店數(shu)量和(he)外賣(mai)(mai)訂單量均高(gao)于(yu)2020年(nian)(nian)同期(qi)。小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)線(xian)(xian)上(shang)消(xiao)費(fei)周(zhou)期(qi)性與小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)生產一致，1—2月(yue)、9—12月(yue)為(wei)淡季，從3月(yue)開(kai)始，線(xian)(xian)上(shang)消(xiao)費(fei)呈現(xian)爆發式增長，5—6月(yue)達(da)到高(gao)峰，隨后開(kai)始下降(jiang)。每年(nian)(nian)4—8月(yue)為(wei)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)消(xiao)費(fei)旺(wang)季。

    調味(wei)小龍(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)品類(lei)型的(de)(de)豐(feng)富、應用場景的(de)(de)拓展(zhan)和市(shi)場占有(you)率的(de)(de)提升，以及(ji)物(wu)流運輸體(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)不(bu)斷發展(zhan)，為小龍(long)蝦(xia)線上消(xiao)費(fei)長(chang)期穩(wen)定發展(zhan)提供(gong)了有(you)力支撐。如江(jiang)蘇省盱眙縣在上海等目標(biao)城市(shi)設立盱眙龍(long)蝦(xia)中央廚房(fang)，與美團外賣簽(qian)訂戰略合(he)作協(xie)議(yi)等，建立30分鐘配送圈，有(you)力促(cu)進了小龍(long)蝦(xia)即時消(xiao)費(fei)。

（四）進出口貿易

根據海關有(you)關統(tong)計數據，2021年我國(guo)(guo)小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)國(guo)(guo)際貿易回暖，全年小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)出口(kou)量9863.46噸(dun)，同比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)27.42%，出口(kou)額(e)11943.13萬(wan)(wan)美(mei)元(yuan)，同比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)57.93%；小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)進口(kou)量5435.28噸(dun)，同比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)44.48%，小(xiao)龍蝦(xia)進口(kou)額(e)10641.46萬(wan)(wan)美(mei)元(yuan)，同比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)80.05%。

    五(wu)、品牌建設和節慶活動

    （一）品(pin)牌建設

    近年(nian)來，各地(di)(di)紛(fen)紛(fen)發(fa)(fa)力(li)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)公共(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)建設(she)，基于地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)自然和人文資(zi)源(yuan)稟(bing)賦，強化(hua)種質資(zi)源(yuan)保護和品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質管理(li)(li)，培(pei)育了(le)一(yi)批(pi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)公共(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)，在(zai)(zai)服務“三(san)農(nong)(nong)”、促進(jin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)經濟發(fa)(fa)展中發(fa)(fa)揮了(le)重要(yao)作用，形成了(le)“培(pei)育一(yi)個(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)，帶(dai)動(dong)一(yi)個(ge)產(chan)業，富裕一(yi)方(fang)(fang)百姓”的喜人局(ju)面。目前全國(guo)各地(di)(di)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)保護產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)證明商標、農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)共(gong)(gong)(gong)有21個(ge)，其中17個(ge)為(wei)近5年(nian)獲(huo)得(de)。在(zai)(zai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)共(gong)(gong)(gong)建共(gong)(gong)(gong)享(xiang)方(fang)(fang)面，各地(di)(di)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)規范品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)授權管理(li)(li)，加大品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)營銷(xiao)推(tui)介，區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)公共(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)影響力(li)和帶(dai)動(dong)力(li)不斷提升。2021年(nian)，盱眙龍(long)(long)(long)蝦先后入選農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、《中歐地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)協定(ding)》中國(guo)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)名單，獲(huo)得(de)“第二屆江(jiang)(jiang)蘇省(sheng)十(shi)強農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)公用品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)”榮譽稱(cheng)號(hao)，根據第三(san)方(fang)(fang)評(ping)定(ding)，盱眙龍(long)(long)(long)蝦品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)價值達215.51億(yi)元，位列全國(guo)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)榜第11名。湖北省(sheng)全力(li)打(da)造潛(qian)江(jiang)(jiang)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)公共(gong)(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)，發(fa)(fa)揮品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)溢(yi)出效應，推(tui)動(dong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)全省(sheng)共(gong)(gong)(gong)建共(gong)(gong)(gong)享(xiang)，根據第三(san)方(fang)(fang)評(ping)定(ding)，潛(qian)江(jiang)(jiang)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)價值達251.8億(yi)元。江(jiang)(jiang)西省(sheng)以鄱(po)陽湖小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦產(chan)業集群為(wei)引領，推(tui)進(jin)鄱(po)陽湖品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)建設(she)，新增(zeng)鄱(po)陽湖小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)專賣(mai)店30多家(jia)(jia)，達210多家(jia)(jia)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)鄱(po)陽湖品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)銷(xiao)售的小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦3萬多噸。

    依托區域公共品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)，各(ge)地積(ji)極打(da)造“區域公共品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)+企(qi)業品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)+產品(pin)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)”小龍蝦品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)體(ti)系，取得顯著成效。各(ge)地涌現(xian)了(le)一(yi)批全國或(huo)區域性企(qi)業自主品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)，如湖(hu)北省的(de)“楚江紅”“良仁”、湖(hu)南省的(de)“漁(yu)家姑娘”、江蘇省的(de)“紅胖胖”“今錦上”等。

    （二）節慶活(huo)動

    在小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)集中(zhong)上市(shi)和(he)銷售旺季，各地(di)通過(guo)舉(ju)(ju)辦(ban)各類(lei)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)開(kai)捕節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)美食節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)王爭霸賽、小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)產業博(bo)覽會(hui)等(deng)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)慶活動，以(yi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)造市(shi)，拉動消費(fei)，提升(sheng)品牌形象。據不完全統(tong)計，2021年各地(di)舉(ju)(ju)辦(ban)較大(da)規模以(yi)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)主題(ti)(ti)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)慶、會(hui)展等(deng)活動近30場次(ci)。其中(zhong)，盱(xu)(xu)眙(yi)國際龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)已舉(ju)(ju)辦(ban)21屆(jie)(jie)，湖北（潛江）龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)舉(ju)(ju)辦(ban)12屆(jie)(jie)，合(he)肥龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)舉(ju)(ju)辦(ban)20屆(jie)(jie)，監(jian)利小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)舉(ju)(ju)辦(ban)4屆(jie)(jie)。一些節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)慶活動已成為當(dang)地(di)城市(shi)的靚麗名片。新浪微博(bo)“潛江龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)”“盱(xu)(xu)眙(yi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)”等(deng)話題(ti)(ti)瀏覽次(ci)數超(chao)過(guo)5000萬。

    六、飼(si)料和調(diao)味料生產

    小(xiao)龍蝦產業蓬勃發展(zhan)，有力帶動了(le)上下游(you)和周邊產業。

    養殖端，小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)飼(si)(si)料(liao)等投入(ru)品生產(chan)表現亮眼。據調(diao)查(cha)統計，2021年全國(guo)從事小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)飼(si)(si)料(liao)生產(chan)的(de)企(qi)業約220家、產(chan)量150萬(wan)噸、產(chan)值75億(yi)元，生產(chan)和銷售量較(jiao)大的(de)企(qi)業主要是國(guo)內大型(xing)龍(long)(long)頭水產(chan)飼(si)(si)料(liao)企(qi)業，如(ru)(ru)海大集團(tuan)、通(tong)威股(gu)份、粵海飼(si)(si)料(liao)等，反映了飼(si)(si)料(liao)行業對(dui)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)業的(de)關注和重視。據測算，如(ru)(ru)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)養殖全部(bu)采用(yong)飼(si)(si)料(liao)投喂方(fang)式，全國(guo)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)飼(si)(si)料(liao)總需求量約250萬(wan)噸。隨著集約化種養模(mo)式發展，以及(ji)由(you)“大養蝦(xia)”向“養大蝦(xia)”觀念的(de)轉變，飼(si)(si)料(liao)應用(yong)越來(lai)越普遍(bian)，飼(si)(si)料(liao)需求進一(yi)步釋放，小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)飼(si)(si)料(liao)生產(chan)和銷售量尚有較(jiao)大空間。

    消費(fei)端，小(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦調味(wei)料受到廣大(da)消費(fei)者青睞(lai)，近年來發展快速(su)。小(xiao)(xiao)龍蝦調味(wei)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產企業分布廣泛，在產銷兩地(di)均有典型(xing)企業。主(zhu)產區(qu)如江蘇省(sheng)的(de)盱眙許記味(wei)食，湖北省(sheng)的(de)安琪酵(jiao)母，消費(fei)地(di)區(qu)如上海(hai)市(shi)(shi)的(de)頤海(hai)（上海(hai)）食品(pin)(pin)，福建省(sheng)的(de)安記食品(pin)(pin)，重(zhong)慶市(shi)(shi)的(de)聚(ju)慧食品(pin)(pin)。

    七、政策保(bao)障

    近(jin)年來(lai)，小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)業受到各級政(zheng)府高度重視，紛(fen)(fen)紛(fen)(fen)出臺指導意見、產(chan)業規劃等各類政(zheng)策(ce)文(wen)件(jian)，同(tong)時在項(xiang)目和資金等方面予(yu)以支(zhi)持，推動(dong)了小(xiao)龍(long)蝦(xia)產(chan)業持續健(jian)康發展(zhan)(zhan)。當前政(zheng)策(ce)扶持方向主要是(shi)促進產(chan)業集(ji)群發展(zhan)(zhan)和全(quan)產(chan)業鏈發展(zhan)(zhan)，并突出科技支(zhi)撐保(bao)障作用。

    集(ji)(ji)群發(fa)展(zhan)和(he)(he)全產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)發(fa)展(zhan)方面，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)部(bu)、財政(zheng)部(bu)持續推進國家現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)園、優勢(shi)特色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)群建設(she)，聚(ju)焦規模種養業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，優化(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)布局(ju)，匯集(ji)(ji)資(zi)源要(yao)素，推進集(ji)(ji)聚(ju)發(fa)展(zhan)。2020年湖北小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)群、江(jiang)西鄱陽(yang)湖小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)群，2021年安(an)徽江(jiang)淮小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)群先后入選農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)部(bu)和(he)(he)財政(zheng)部(bu)優勢(shi)特色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)群建設(she)名單（江(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)群入選2022年建設(she)名單）。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)部(bu)評選的(de)全國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)全產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)典型縣，江(jiang)西省(sheng)彭澤縣、湖南(nan)省(sheng)南(nan)縣分別被評為(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)全產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)典型縣、稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)全產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)典型縣。湖北省(sheng)委、省(sheng)政(zheng)府將(jiang)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)納入十大農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)重(zhong)點產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)建設(she)，做強(qiang)龍(long)(long)(long)頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、打造知名品牌(pai)、強(qiang)化(hua)科技支(zhi)撐，小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)綜合(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值超千億元。安(an)徽省(sheng)圍繞江(jiang)淮小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)(ji)群，從標準化(hua)基地建設(she)、加工(gong)升級(ji)、市場開拓、品牌(pai)打造等(deng)方面綜合(he)施策，集(ji)(ji)群內小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值達(da)160多億元，較(jiao)建設(she)前增(zeng)加近50億元。

    科(ke)技(ji)支撐方(fang)面(mian)，以種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業振興(xing)行動為契機，各(ge)地(di)聚焦制(zhi)約(yue)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)產(chan)業發(fa)(fa)展的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源和(he)(he)育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)瓶(ping)頸問題(ti)精準發(fa)(fa)力。江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)將(jiang)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)納入農業重大(da)新(xin)(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創制(zhi)項(xiang)(xiang)目、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業振興(xing)揭(jie)榜(bang)(bang)掛帥(shuai)(shuai)項(xiang)(xiang)目支持(chi)范(fan)圍，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業振興(xing)揭(jie)榜(bang)(bang)掛帥(shuai)(shuai)項(xiang)(xiang)目安排3個(ge)(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)目、1300萬(wan)元(yuan)用于小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育。湖(hu)(hu)南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)益陽市政府支持(chi)湖(hu)(hu)南師范(fan)大(da)學(xue)劉少軍院士團隊(dui)與國聯(lian)（益陽）食品(pin)有限公司(si)合作(zuo)成立湖(hu)(hu)南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)優質水生(sheng)生(sheng)物繁育加(jia)(jia)工研(yan)究(jiu)院，聯(lian)合湖(hu)(hu)南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)水產(chan)科(ke)學(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)所開展小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育與加(jia)(jia)工技(ji)術研(yan)究(jiu)。針對小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)苗(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)要依靠自繁的(de)問題(ti)，各(ge)地(di)積極(ji)(ji)布局，支持(chi)建(jian)設規(gui)模(mo)(mo)化小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)繁育基(ji)地(di)、小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場等(deng)。2019—2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)，湖(hu)(hu)南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)投資1000萬(wan)元(yuan)建(jian)設4個(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)化繁育基(ji)地(di)，新(xin)(xin)增3家省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場。江(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)重點建(jian)設8家年(nian)(nian)(nian)繁育億(yi)尾以上小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁育中心，2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)新(xin)(xin)增20余處具有一定規(gui)模(mo)(mo)的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)繁育基(ji)地(di)，全省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)已有220余處。此外，以穩(wen)糧和(he)(he)增效為導向，各(ge)地(di)積極(ji)(ji)探索(suo)創新(xin)(xin)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養模(mo)(mo)式，加(jia)(jia)大(da)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)應用，取得(de)顯著成效。繁養分離(li)、無溝坑等(deng)模(mo)(mo)式得(de)到廣(guang)(guang)泛認(ren)可和(he)(he)支持(chi)，2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)湖(hu)(hu)北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)潛江(jiang)(jiang)市推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)繁養分離(li)模(mo)(mo)式5萬(wan)畝(mu)，畝(mu)均(jun)效益3000元(yuan)以上。江(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)無環(huan)溝模(mo)(mo)式35萬(wan)畝(mu)，2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)新(xin)(xin)增20萬(wan)畝(mu)。安徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)積極(ji)(ji)推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)霍邱縣三流(liu)鄉(xiang)原生(sheng)態稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養模(mo)(mo)式，基(ji)本不(bu)開挖溝坑，綜(zong)合效益顯著。“稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)+N”輪作(zuo)/共作(zuo)模(mo)(mo)式不(bu)斷創新(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展，如湖(hu)(hu)北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)土(tu)憨巴、稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)鱔模(mo)(mo)式，湖(hu)(hu)南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)蟹、稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)魚模(mo)(mo)式，江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)鱉、稻(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)烏鱧模(mo)(mo)式等(deng)，均(jun)取得(de)積極(ji)(ji)成效。池塘(tang)養殖方(fang)面(mian)，形成了(le)池塘(tang)精養、蟹池套(tao)養、蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)鱖輪養等(deng)多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)模(mo)(mo)式，養殖效益進(jin)一步提高。

    此(ci)外(wai)，在長江中下(xia)游地(di)(di)區(qu)等傳統小龍蝦(xia)養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)主產區(qu)之外(wai)，一些地(di)(di)方(fang)將(jiang)發展小龍蝦(xia)產業(ye)作(zuo)為鄉村(cun)振興、產業(ye)興旺的(de)重(zhong)點工作(zuo)。廣西區(qu)貴港市利用當地(di)(di)的(de)自然資源和(he)氣候條件發展反季節小龍蝦(xia)養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)，將(jiang)稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)養(yang)列入市委(wei)市政府(fu)2021年重(zhong)點工作(zuo)，并提(ti)出打造“中國富硒小龍蝦(xia)之鄉”發展的(de)目標，計(ji)劃發展50萬(wan)畝稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)養(yang)。截至2021底(di)，稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)種(zhong)養(yang)土(tu)地(di)(di)流轉面積達12萬(wan)畝，建成稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)田超過5萬(wan)畝。

    八、存在問題與發展(zhan)建議

    （一）主要(yao)問題(ti)

    一是(shi)(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)亟(ji)(ji)待創(chuang)新(xin)。盡管各地稻蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)推陳出(chu)新(xin)，但仍以(yi)繁(fan)(fan)(fan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)一體化(hua)的(de)稻蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)連作(zuo)、稻蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)共作(zuo)+連作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)主，養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖方式(shi)(shi)粗放，生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技(ji)(ji)術水(shui)平和標準化(hua)程度不(bu)(bu)高，近年來種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)效益(yi)有(you)所下(xia)降。繁(fan)(fan)(fan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)離(li)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)技(ji)(ji)術成熟(shu)度有(you)待提升(sheng)，平板式(shi)(shi)或無環溝(gou)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)經濟效益(yi)不(bu)(bu)如(ru)環溝(gou)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，制(zhi)約了大(da)面(mian)積推廣普及。此(ci)外，出(chu)于穩(wen)糧保(bao)(bao)供需(xu)要(yao)，一些地區(qu)鼓勵雙季稻種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)，對傳(chuan)統(tong)稻蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)連作(zuo)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)造(zao)成一定影響(xiang)。稻蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)必(bi)須及時創(chuang)新(xin)、調整種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，以(yi)適應水(shui)稻生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)需(xu)要(yao)。二是(shi)(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)發展(zhan)相對滯(zhi)后(hou)。當前小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)苗(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)以(yi)自繁(fan)(fan)(fan)為(wei)(wei)主，繁(fan)(fan)(fan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)離(li)、專池繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)、溫室大(da)棚繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)等(deng)方式(shi)(shi)占(zhan)比(bi)較低。自繁(fan)(fan)(fan)自育(yu)、多(duo)代(dai)同田（塘）導致(zhi)長期近親繁(fan)(fan)(fan)殖及捕(bu)大(da)留小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)負向選(xuan)擇，造(zao)成小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)規(gui)(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、生(sheng)(sheng)長速(su)度慢(man)、抗逆(ni)性下(xia)降等(deng)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質退化(hua)問題。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)苗(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)(fan)育(yu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)化(hua)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠化(hua)程度低，商(shang)業(ye)化(hua)育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體系(xi)、品質改(gai)良(liang)體系(xi)建設(she)滯(zhi)后(hou)，難以(yi)對小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)以(yi)及種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)收集、保(bao)(bao)護和良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)形(xing)成有(you)力支撐。三是(shi)(shi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)問題突出(chu)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)主要(yao)使(shi)用中小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)規(gui)(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)，與鮮活小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)消費(fei)市場對大(da)規(gui)(gui)(gui)格(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)偏(pian)好形(xing)成有(you)益(yi)互補，但當前小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)比(bi)例(li)低，難以(yi)支撐產(chan)(chan)業(ye)穩(wen)定發展(zhan)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和裝備亟(ji)(ji)待升(sheng)級，自動化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)水(shui)平不(bu)(bu)高，去蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)頭(tou)、剝蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)等(deng)操作(zuo)需(xu)要(yao)大(da)量人工(gong)(gong)(gong)，加之小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)出(chu)肉率(lv)低、副產(chan)(chan)物多(duo)以(yi)原料出(chu)售等(deng)特點，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)成本居高不(bu)(bu)下(xia)，影響(xiang)了企業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)積極(ji)性。此(ci)外，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)標準體系(xi)建設(she)滯(zhi)后(hou)，如(ru)一些企業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)冰(bing)凍小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)含冰(bing)量達到(dao)50%甚(shen)至(zhi)更高，既造(zao)成資源(yuan)和能(neng)源(yuan)浪(lang)費(fei)，又(you)影響(xiang)了產(chan)(chan)業(ye)形(xing)象。

    （二）發展建議

    一是(shi)創新(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)模(mo)式(shi)。改(gai)(gai)革稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)連作、稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)共作+連作等(deng)傳(chuan)統種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)模(mo)式(shi)，提高精細化(hua)(hua)管理和(he)(he)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)水平(ping)。優(you)化(hua)(hua)提升、總結(jie)完善繁(fan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)分離(li)模(mo)式(shi)，在(zai)稻(dao)(dao)田平(ping)整、水源充(chong)沛地(di)區(qu)開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)試(shi)驗(yan)示范，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)大推(tui)廣(guang)力(li)度(du)。充(chong)分利(li)(li)用(yong)稻(dao)(dao)田時空資源和(he)(he)其(qi)他養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，創新(xin)“稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)+N”等(deng)模(mo)式(shi)，豐富稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)內(nei)涵。積極探索反季(ji)節種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)模(mo)式(shi)，促(cu)進稻(dao)(dao)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)由(you)長江中下游地(di)區(qu)“南下北上(shang)”。二是(shi)夯實種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎。把握種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)振興(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)遇，推(tui)動小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)建(jian)設(she)納入各(ge)地(di)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)政(zheng)策(ce)支持(chi)(chi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源調查、良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選育及(ji)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)化(hua)(hua)苗(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)快小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源保(bao)護利(li)(li)用(yong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)、商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)建(jian)設(she)，培育生(sheng)長速度(du)快、出肉率高、抗逆性好、遺傳(chuan)性狀(zhuang)穩定的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)新(xin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，提高規(gui)(gui)模(mo)化(hua)(hua)供(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)能力(li)。開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)秋苗(miao)繁(fan)育、溫室(shi)大棚繁(fan)育、春(chun)季(ji)抱卵蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)研(yan)(yan)究，適應錯峰(feng)上(shang)市需要。三是(shi)補齊加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)短(duan)板。加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)新(xin)設(she)備、新(xin)工(gong)藝研(yan)(yan)發(fa)，支持(chi)(chi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)改(gai)(gai)升級，推(tui)動小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)向機(ji)械化(hua)(hua)、自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)、現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)轉型(xing)。推(tui)廣(guang)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)“吃干榨(zha)凈”產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質調控關鍵技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研(yan)(yan)究，發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)便(bian)于(yu)食用(yong)的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)預制菜，推(tui)進小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)副(fu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)物綜(zong)合(he)利(li)(li)用(yong)，變廢為寶，向醫藥、化(hua)(hua)工(gong)、環(huan)保(bao)等(deng)領域拓展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。建(jian)立(li)完善從收(shou)儲、清洗、烹(peng)煮、剝殼、調味、包裝、運輸(shu)到(dao)機(ji)械設(she)備、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)藝、質量(liang)(liang)控制的(de)整套小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)標(biao)準(zhun)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)，推(tui)動小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。四(si)是(shi)推(tui)進集群化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)優(you)勢(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)要聚(ju)焦小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，重點(dian)扶持(chi)(chi)一批龍(long)(long)頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，培育新(xin)型(xing)經營主體(ti)(ti)(ti)，發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)“龍(long)(long)頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)+各(ge)類經營主體(ti)(ti)(ti)”經營模(mo)式(shi)，建(jian)立(li)穩定利(li)(li)益聯結(jie)機(ji)制，推(tui)進大基地(di)建(jian)設(she)，同時打造區(qu)域公共品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)，布局產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)初加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)和(he)(he)精深(shen)(shen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)，打造覆蓋生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)、流通(tong)、科技(ji)(ji)、服務等(deng)于(yu)一體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集群，推(tui)進產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)深(shen)(shen)度(du)融合(he)，延長產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)、優(you)化(hua)(hua)供(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)、提升價值鏈(lian)(lian)，全(quan)面提升小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)(long)蝦(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)質量(liang)(liang)效益和(he)(he)競爭力(li)。

指導單位：農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村(cun)部(bu)漁(yu)(yu)業(ye)漁(yu)(yu)政管理局

編制(zhi)單位(wei)及主要(yao)起草(cao)人(ren)：

全國(guo)水產技(ji)術推廣總(zong)站 中(zhong)國(guo)水產學會

于秀娟、郝(hao)向(xiang)舉、黨子喬、楊(yang)霖(lin)坤

中(zhong)國水(shui)產流通(tong)與加工協會

王雪(xue)光(guang)、張遠(yuan)華(hua)、蔡(cai)俊、張寅